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Social inequity aversion
Inequity is injustice or unfairness or an instance of either of the two.〔Merriam Webster Online. (“Inequity.” ) 3 Dec 2007.〕 Aversion is “a feeling of repugnance toward something with a desire to avoid or turn from it; a settled dislike; a tendency to extinguish a behavior or to avoid a thing or situation and especially a usually pleasurable one because it is or has been associated with a noxious stimulus.”〔Merriam Webster Online. (“Aversion.” ) 3 Dec 2007.〕 The given definition of inequity aversion is “the preference for fairness and resistance to inequitable outcomes.”
==Clarifying Inequity Aversion Through Experiment==
To better understand and breakdown the concept of social inequity aversion would be to use the study done by Sarah Brosnan (as well as with Frans B. M. de Waal),〔Henrich, Joseph.(“Animal Behaviour (Communication Arising): Inequity Aversion in Capuchins?” ) 11 Mar 2004. Nature. Iss. 428. 3 Dec 2007.〕 who specializes in social behavior and social cognition.〔Brosnan, Sarah. (“Sarah Brosnan, Ph.D.” ) Fellowships in Research and Science Teaching. Emory University School of Medicine. Department of Physiology. 3 Dec 2007.〕 In their experiment, “Monkeys Reject Unequal Pay” five female capuchin monkeys were used and given an unequal distribution of rewards by the human experimenter. The female monkeys alternated in pairs under four different conditions with the experimenter. Of the female monkeys, two received the same reward, one female received a superior reward, one female received a superior reward without exchange (for example without work), and a single female observed a superior reward in the absence of a partner.〔Mardle, Earl. (“Inequity Aversion – Even a Monkey Can Pick a Raw Deal.” ) A Networked World. 3 Dec 2007.〕 The females were much less likely to complete a trade with the human experimenter when their corresponding partner received a food item of higher value item (a grape; the lower item was a cucumber〔), and when that partner received the higher food item with no exchange of work of any kind, the likelihood of not completing a trade intensified.〔 All of these refusals of exchange included both passive and active rejections ranging from refusing to take the awards to throwing the reward, respectively. These negative responses of situation made with the monkeys support the early evolutionary origin of inequity aversion〔 and thus helps (in combination with the definitions of inequity and aversion) give an overall idea of what social inequity aversion is: the tendency to reject or avoid situations in which there is social inequality, unfairness, or injustice.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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